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Wallace L. Pannier, 81, a germ warfare scientist whose top-secret projects included a mock attack on the New York subway with powdered bacteria in 1966, died Thursday.

He died in Frederick, Md., of respiratory failure.

Pannier worked at Fort Detrick, an Army installation in Frederick that tested biological weapons during the Cold War and is now a center for biodefense research.

His unit developed and tested delivery systems for deadly agents such as anthrax and smallpox. They staged the mock attack on the subway in 1966 by shattering light bulbs packed with powdered bacteria on the tracks and tracked the germs with air samplers disguised as suitcases.

Willy DeVille, 58, who founded the punk group Mink DeVille and was known for his blend of R&B, blues, Dixieland and traditional French Cajun ballads, died Thursday in New York.

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